Assessment, Statistics, and Research

  Assessment name:   Forgiveness Reconciliation Inventory Scale overview: The Forgiveness Reconciliation Inventory is a 24-item assessment of forgiveness and reconciliation.   Author: Richard S. Balkin   Response Type: FRI items are presented along with a pair of words with five boxes in between the two words. Participants check the box to indicate how closely a word matches their feelings. Scale items In the Forgiveness Reconciliation Inventory study by Balkin et al. (2014), the authors presented evidence for 24-items organized into four subscales of six items each. The four subscales are: Collaborative Exploration, Role of Reconciliation, Remorse/Change, Interpersonal/Intrapersonal. Scores for each subscale range from 6 to 30 and can be plotted on a profile as illustrated in the article. Psychometric properties The authors presented means and standard deviations as well as Cronbach alpha values ranging from 0.88 to 0.93 for the four subscales. F...

  Assessment name:   Desire to Reconcile Scale Scale overview: The Desire to Reconcile Scale is a 4-item rating scale developed by Woodyatt and Wenzel (2014) to assess the willingness of an offender to reconcile with the person they offended. Authors: Lydia Woodyatt and Michael Wenzel Response Type: Items are rated on a scale of agreement from 0 = Do not Agree at all, 3 = Neutral, and 6 = Strongly Agree. Scale items The scale includes four items.   Psychometric properties The authors’ findings revealed adequate internal consistency (alpha = 0.82) and they provided support for validity in the form of correlations with self-forgiveness and self-trust. Griffin (2016) reported a positive correlation between Decisional Affirmation of Values scale and the Desire to Reconcile Scale. Availability: The four items are included in Woodyatt and Wenzel (2014). Reference for the scale Woodyatt, L., & Wenzel, M. (2014). A needs-based perspective on sel...

  Assessment name:     Injustice Gap Scale (IGS) Scale overview: The 4-item Injustice Gap Scale (IGS) was created to assess the gap experienced following an offense. The studies focused on the idea that the size of the justice gap is related to the difficulty in forgiving an offense.   Authors: Don Davis and others   Response Type: Items are rated on a visual scale of agreement between 0 = strongly disagree to 100 = strongly agree.   Scale items There are 4-items stating beliefs about God (or the Sacred) ensuring that justice will prevail.   Psychometric properties Factor analysis revealed support for a single factor. The factor loadings ranged from .74 to .91 and Cronbach’s alpha was .90. Correlations with other measures supported concurrent validity. Availability: The list of all 4 items is available in the PsycTESTS reference. The measure is available to use for noncommercial and educational purposes without seeking perm...

  Scale name: Vengeance Scale Scale overview:   The Vengeance Scale is a 20-item self-report inventory with 10 items reversed scored. Authors: Noreen Stuckless & Richard Goranson Response Type: 7-point Likert type. 1 = Disagree strongly 2 = Disagree 3 = disagree slightly 4 = Neither disagree or agree 5 = Agree slightly 6 = Agree 7 = Agree strongly Subscales: None Sample items It’s not worth my time or effort to pay back someone who has wronged me. (Reverse score) It’s important for me to get back at people who have hurt me.   Psychometric properties: Study 1: The scale mean for the 20 items was 67.28. Men (71.84) scored significantly higher than did women (65.29). Reliability: Study 1 and Study 2 alphas = .92. In study 3, a test-retest correlation = .90. Validity: The structure was examined by Factor Analysis. The researchers concluded that a single factor was the best fit. In study 2, Vengeance scores were negatively correla...

  Scale name: Forgiveness Likelihood Scale (FLS) Scales overview:   The Forgiveness Likelihood Scale ( FLS) is a scenario-based 10-item scale. Respondents read the scenarios and decide how likely they would be to forgive the offender using a 5-point rating scale. Authors: Mark S. Rye et al. 2001 Response Type: A 5-point Likert-type response rating that ranges from 1 = Not at all likely to 5 = Extremely likely. Subscales: None Sample items: “One of your friends starts a nasty rumor about you that is not true. As a result, people begin treating you worse than they have in the past. What is the likelihood that you would choose to forgive your friend?”   “Your significant other has a ‘one night stand’ and becomes sexually involved with someone else. What is the likelihood that you would choose to forgive your significant other?”   Reliability The authors used factor analysis  and report the results in their article. Cronbach’s alpha was .85. T...

  Scale name: Forgiveness Scale Scales overview This is a 15-item revision of an earlier version measuring how participants respond to wrongdoing. Authors: Mark S. Rye et al (2001) See below.   Response Type Likert-type 5 options ranging from 1 (Strongly disagree) to 5 (Strongly Agree) Subscales: 2 factors reported as  AN = absence of negative responses and  PP = presence of positive responses toward the wrongdoer. Sample items “I spend time thinking about ways to get back at the person who wronged  me” “If I encountered the person who wronged me I would feel at peace.”  Reliability Cronbach alphas : AN =.86, PP = .85 Test retest : AN =.76, PP = .80 Validity ( see validity ) Significant positive correlations with the Forgiveness Likelihood Scale, Enright Forgiveness Inventory, and a Single Item Forgiveness rating. Availability: See the appendix in the article below (Rye et al., 2001). Permissions -- if identified   Sca...