Modified Parenting Scale

The Modified Parenting Scale is a shortened version of the Parenting Scale developed by Arnold, O'Leary, Wolff, & Acker (1993).

The 2007 study by Prinzie, Onghena, and Hellinckx revealed two dimensions, which are overreactivity and laxness.

The reliability data were reported as acceptable to good in this sample of more than 1000 parents. There is some evidence of predictive validity. Inadequate parenting was positively related to problem behavior on the Child Behavior Checklist (Achenbach- See ASEBA for details) and stress as measured by the Parenting Stress Index (Dutch version; See Doll 1989 for a review).

The full version can be found on PsycTESTS. There are 20 items, which are rated on 7-point Likert scales.

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Item Examples

Laxness items

16 When my child does something I don’t like . . . I do something about it every time it happens – I
often let it go.

12 When I want my child to stop doing something . . . I firmly tell my child to stop – I coax or beg my child
to stop

Overreactivity items

3 When I’m upset or under stress . . . I am no more picky than usual – I am picky and on my
child’s back.

9 When my child misbehaves . . . I keep my talks short and to the point – I give my
child a long lecture.

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Reference

Prinzie, P., Onghena, P., & Hellinckx, W. (2007). Reexamining the Parenting Scale: Reliability, factor structure, and concurrent validity of a scale for assessing the discipline practices of mothers and fathers of elementary-school-aged children. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 23(1), 24-31. doi: 10.1027/1015-5759.23.1.24.

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PsycTESTS is available in many library systems.

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Feeling Competent to Parent

Parents sometimes feel inadequate to parent. Although many enjoy parenting and delight in their children, few can deny that parenting is often a challenge. Some feel unprepared. Some enjoy their children but feel frustrated. Some feel they are less capable than other parents.

The Parenting Sense of Competence scale (PSOC) consists of 17 or 16 items depending on the version. The items are rated on a scale of 1 to 6 with anchors of 1 = strongly disagree to 6 = strongly agree.

Authors: Gibaud-Wallston & Wandersman (1978)

Internal consistency estimates of reliability range from the mid .70s to .80s in previous studies.

Research suggests that the items can be grouped into two subscales: Satisfaction with Parenting and Efficacy.

Early wording of some scale items used only the word “mother,” but these items have been revised by other researchers to refer to either mother or father (e.g., see Ohan, Leung, & Johnston, 2000).

Scoring: Several items are reverse-scored. See below for the download links to the PSOC scale with scoring instructions.

Although, the PSOC has been reported in research studies, clinicians may consider the scale useful in work with clients. Average scores for mothers and fathers of children in different age groups can be found in the Ohan et al. (2000) study. Clearly, samples may differ therefore, clinicians must be careful to note that score differences they obtain may be due to different samples rather than different levels of sense of competence in parenting. Clinicians are advised to develop local norms for all scales.

Also relevant to readers unfamiliar with research-- the PSOC scale measures a parent's sense of competence -- the scale does not measure actual competence. Thus, a parent may feel low on competence but actually be highly competent within one's culture.

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Examples of instructions and two items are as follows:

Please rate the extent to which you agree or disagree with each of the following statements.

Strongly                                           Somewhat          Somewhat                                          Strongly

Disagree              Disagree              Disagree              Agree                    Agree                    Agree

      1                             2                             3                       4                             5                             6

8.   A difficult problem in being a parent is not knowing whether you’re

      doing a good job or a bad one.                                                                                         

15.  I honestly believe I have all the skills necessary to be a good mother

       to my child.                                                                                                                            

In their survey, Ohan and her colleagues included the Child Behavior Checklist and the Child-Rearing Practices Report (see reference and article link below).

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DOWNLOAD: The Ohan et al. (2002) article, which includes the scale is at this link:

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232544864_The_Parenting_Sense_of_Competence_Scale_Evidence_of_a_Stable_Factor_Structure_and_Validity

DOWNLOAD: The 17-item PSOC scale with scoring instructions   https://www.bristol.ac.uk/media-library/sites/sps/documents/c-change/parenting-sense-of-competence-scale.pdf

Resource Link:  A – Z Test Index

REFERENCES

Gibaud-Wallston, J., & Wandersman,  L.P. (1978, August). Development and utility of the Parenting Sense of Competence Scale. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Association, Toronto, Canada

Ohan, J., Leung, D.W., & Johnson, C. (2000). The parenting sense of competence scale: Evidence of a stable factor structure and validity. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science, 32, 251-261. Doi 10.1037/h0087122

DISCIPLINE WITH RESPECT is an evidence-based parenting approach.

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My Page    www.suttong.com

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FACEBOOK   Geoff W. Sutton

TWITTER  @Geoff.W.Sutton

LinkedIN Geoffrey Sutton  PhD

Publications (many free downloads)

     

  Academia   Geoff W Sutton   (PhD)

    

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