Showing posts with label bar graphs. Show all posts
Showing posts with label bar graphs. Show all posts

Wednesday, July 1, 2020

Progress in Covid 19 Deaths




DATA SOURCE = https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/total-daily-covid-deaths



The number of people dying from COVID-19 has declined since the second half of April. Because we now have so many data points, I plotted half months rather than 7-day periods as before.

Note that March and May have an extra day in the second half compared to April and June.

I hope that the recent surge in hospitalizations in some US states do not mean a return to higher death counts. Of course, the symptoms can be severe for some survivors. Nevertheless, the death rate is in decline.



We are seeing far more infections compared to European nations, which are now going to work and open for international travel. Resistance to safety recommendations appears high in some crowded areas like beaches in the US.

The European data suggest what could happen for the US if people would voluntarily follow the scientific guidance about quality masks, safe distances, and hand washing. Avoiding close contact with infected persons appears to work--of course, since we do not know who are asymptomatic carriers, precautions remain.


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Monday, April 27, 2020

Covid19 U S Deaths Weekly Chart



Are we there yet? The most recent weekly data suggest a downward move in the number of people who died in the past week.

In the previous chart, there appeared to be a channel or range between 1800 and 2000 per day with some anomalies. Now that we have more data, it is possible to group the data.

I am avoiding curves and means because it is not clear that there is a curve or that the data are normally distributed. The bar chart offers a clear picture of rapid increase and possibly (and hopefully a decline.

In this chart, I used weekly totals beginning with March 7, 2020 (M = March, A = April).

Important note: The numbers may be revised. This chart is for educational purposes only and not for planning.

Here is my source for the data  https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/total-daily-covid-deaths

Date               Deaths

M21 213
M28 1447
A4 5450
A11 11620
A18 18277
A25 13963







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Thursday, December 21, 2017

Presenting Survey Results








We can learn a lot about presenting survey results by looking at what experts do. The scientists at Pew Research presented findings from a Christmas in America survey. Take a look at their work.

1. Focus on highlights. For general audiences, select the most important facts. For example, it is no big news to say over 90% of Christian Americans celebrate Christmas. But to learn there’s a drop in celebrating Christmas as a religious rather than a cultural holiday is news (46% down from 51% in 2013). It’s also interesting to learn that younger persons are lower on the religious emphasis than are older adults. Of course, to focus on highlights, you have to create good survey questions in the first place. So, check out the items Pew reports to make their findings more meaningful (e.g., include age groups and religious affiliation in your survey).

2. Use percentages and graphics to depict trends. On fact 2, “Merry Christmas” or “Happy Holidays,” Pew shows a change in the trend for “it doesn’t matter” what people say in stores or businesses. Endorsing the phrase “It doesn’t matter” rose from 45% in 2005 to 52% in 2017. Percentages make sense to most educated readers. Means and standard deviations are not as widely understood. Simple line and bar graphs also help readers avoid losing focus in dense text. Again, see the Pew examples: Christmas in America survey.

3. Pew does a good job of presenting different answers to a complex question about Christian displays (e.g., Nativity scenes) on government property. Some think the displays should never be allowed (26%), others think its fine if there are other symbols (29%), while most think they should be allowed without other symbols (37%). By presenting years 2014 and 2017 on two different lines, we see how the views have changed. In addition, the report uses color to help us compare the different group responses.

4. Present controversial beliefs with enough detail to make it clear who believes what. Pew asked questions about the historicity of the Christmas story events—things like virgin birth and visitors guided by a star. The key words for each item are printed next to the data presented for two recent years (2014 and 2017). We see that belief in the virgin birth dropped from 73 to 66% from 2014 to 2017. You do have to read the text to learn that the findings are different among those in the sample who identify as Christian.


For those wanting more detail, Pew includes a link to their “Religion & Public Life” page. If you follow the link, you will see much more detail in the tables. The tables also provide another example of how to present data to a general audience.

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Monday, October 30, 2017

Chart Example Marriage Age by year



The chart based on data from CDC 2015 provides an example of tracking three trends over time.

The bars indicate the percentage of births to unmarried women. The upper teal line represents the median age at first marriage and the orange broken line indicates median age at first birth.

Notice the "crossover" of the two lines referring to first birth and first marriage.

Note also the stabalized trend for births to unmarried women easily visible on the bar portion of the chart. About 40% of women are unmarried when their children are born.


You can read text related to the story at the BGSU weblink:
  https://www.bgsu.edu/ncfmr/resources/data/family-profiles/eickmeyer-payne-brown-manning-crossover-age-first-marriage-birth-fp-17-22.html


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Applied Statistics: Concepts for Counselors
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Perceptions and Experiences of Grace Scale--Short Form

Assessment name:   Perceptions and Experiences of Grace Scale--Short Form Scale overview: The Perceptions and Experiences of Grace Scale-...