ANCOVA
ANCOVA
is a procedure like ANOVA except researchers can study the effects of one or
more independent variables on a dependent variable after adjusting for other
variables, called covariates, which
were not a primary focus of the study. The letter C in ANCOVA stands for covariate.
There can be several covariates in a study. In testing for differences among
groups experiencing different leadership styles, we could study the effects on employee
satisfaction after adjusting for a covariate of years of employment. A key word
in ANCOVA studies is adjusting.
Analysts adjust the scores based on information about the covariate before
testing for significant differences.
Basic features of an ANCOVA:
Independent or grouping Variable = 1 or more
Dependent or criterion Variable = 1
Covariates = 1 or more
An F test indicates significance overall and for specific effects or relationships.
A commonly reported measure of effect size is eta squared.
A p value reveals the probability of a significant relationship-- one that is not due to chance factors.
Read more about ANCOVA in the following books.
Applied Statistics Concepts for Counselors on AMAZON or GOOGLE
Creating Surveys on AMAZON or GOOGLE Worldwide
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