Scale
name: Spiritual Abuse Questionnaire (SAQ)
Scale
overview: The Spiritual Abuse Questionnaire (SAQ) is a 17-item self-report questionnaire that uses a 4-point Likert Type response format to measure two dimensions of abuse: Power-based affective wounding and Conditionality.
Author: Kathryn
Hope Keller
Response
Type: 4-point
Likert type. The choices are: Strongly disagree, Disagree, Agree, Strongly agree.
Subscales
and Sample Items: There
are two subscales.
1. Power-based
Affective Wounding:
“At times, I was
scolded by
my leader and made to feel ashamed and helpless” and “I now feel cynical
about
church/religious groups.”
2. Conditionality: “I believed I could be totally
surrendered to God if I did everything
perfectly
according to the church/group’s instructions,” and “I believed God would
punish me
if I didn’t do what my church/group encouraged me to do.”
Reliability:
Alpha for the 17-item
scale was .95 (Keller, 2016). The study sample was 271 and the mean was 50.62 (SD
= 14.87, SEM = .90) and Min-Max were 21-80.
Validity: Confirmatory factor analysis yielded a two-factor solution.
Below is a quote from Keller (2016).
-----
For the RSS, r =.76, p<.01. For the subscales, results are as follows: Divine Struggles, r=.68, p<.01; Demonic Struggles, r=.31, p<.01; Interpersonal Struggles, r=.81, p<.01; Moral Struggles, r=.52, p<.01; Doubt Struggle, r=.66, p<.01; and Ultimate Meaning Struggles, r=.54, p<.01. These findings suggest that participants with higher levels of spiritual abuse also experience higher levels of religious and spiritual struggles. (Keller, 2016, page 138)
-----
Note. The RSS is the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale
Availability: See pages 226-227 in the dissertation reference below.
Related Posts
Spiritual and Religious Harassment
Permissions
-- if identified
Author contact in 2021 https://www.kellerpsychology.com/drkeller.html
Keller,
K.R. (2016). Development of a spiritual abuse questionnaire.
Dissertation available from https://twu-ir.tdl.org/handle/11274/8760
Find more measures of spirituality in:
Assessing Spirituality & Religiosity A Handbook
Beliefs, Practices, Values, & Experiences
Reference
for using scales in research:
Buy Creating Surveys on
Buy Applied Statistics for
Counselors
Test Resource Link: A – Z Test Index
Geoffrey W. Sutton, Professor Emeritus of Psychology at Evangel University, holds a master’s degree in counseling and a PhD in psychology from the University of Missouri-Columbia. His postdoctoral work encompassed education and supervision in forensic and neuropsychology. As a licensed psychologist, he conducted clinical and neuropsychological evaluations and provided psychotherapy for patients in various settings, including schools, hospitals, and private offices. During his tenure as a professor, Dr. Sutton taught courses on psychotherapy, assessment, and research. He has authored over one hundred publications, including books, book chapters, and articles in peer-reviewed psychology journals. His website is https://suttong.com You can find Dr. Sutton's books on AMAZON and GOOGLE. Many publications are free to download at ResearchGate and Academia
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