Scale
name: Spiritual Abuse Questionnaire (SAQ)
Scale
overview: The Spiritual Abuse Questionnaire (SAQ) is a 17-item self-report questionnaire that uses a 4-point Likert Type response format to measure two dimensions of abuse: Power-based affective wounding and Conditionality.
Author: Kathryn
Hope Keller
Response
Type: 4-point
Likert type. The choices are: Strongly disagree, Disagree, Agree, Strongly agree.
Subscales
and Sample Items: There
are two subscales.
1. Power-based
Affective Wounding:
“At times, I was
scolded by
my leader and made to feel ashamed and helpless” and “I now feel cynical
about
church/religious groups.”
2. Conditionality: “I believed I could be totally
surrendered to God if I did everything
perfectly
according to the church/group’s instructions,” and “I believed God would
punish me
if I didn’t do what my church/group encouraged me to do.”
Reliability:
Alpha for the 17-item
scale was .95 (Keller, 2016). The study sample was 271 and the mean was 50.62 (SD
= 14.87, SEM = .90) and Min-Max were 21-80.
Validity: Confirmatory factor analysis yielded a two-factor solution.
Quoted text below-
For the RSS,
r =.76, p<.01. For the subscales, results are as follows: Divine Struggles,
r=.68, p<.01; Demonic Struggles, r=.31, p<.01; Interpersonal Struggles,
r=.81, p<.01; Moral Struggles, r=.52, p<.01; Doubt Struggle, r=.66,
p<.01; and Ultimate Meaning Struggles, r=.54, p<.01. These findings suggest
that participants with higher levels of spiritual abuse also experience higher levels
of religious and spiritual struggles. (Keller, 2016, page 138)
Note. The RSS is the Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale
Related Posts
Spiritual and Religious Harassment
Permissions
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Author contact in 2021 https://www.kellerpsychology.com/drkeller.html
Keller,
K.R. (2016). Development of a spiritual abuse questionnaire.
Dissertation available from https://twu-ir.tdl.org/handle/11274/8760
Reference
for using scales in research:
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