Scale name: Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS)   Scale overview:  The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) is a 21-item screening instrument for the three psychological conditions of depression, anxiety, and stress.   Note : There is a 42-item version of the DASS. This post focuses on the 21-item version.   Authors: Lovibond, S. H., & Lovibond, P. F. (1995)   Response Type:  Items are rated on a 4-point scale of frequency.   0 = Did not apply to me at all.   1= Applied to me to some degree, or some of the time.   2= Applied to me to a considerable degree, or a good part of time.   3 = Applied to me very much, or most of the time.   Scale items   Each of the three scales (Depression, Anxiety, Stress) has 7-items worded in the first person e.g., “I felt…” or “I experienced…” and so forth.       Reliability:   Internal consistency values based on Cronbach Alpha calculations were strong for the DASS-21 (Antony et al., 1988).   Depression = .94   Anxiety = .87   St...
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